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Family:
Orobanchaceae Life
> eukaryotes >
Archaeoplastida >
Chloroplastida
>
Charophyta > Streptophytina > Plantae (land plants)
> Tracheophyta (vascular plants) > Euphyllophyta > Lignophyta (woody plants)
> Spermatophyta (seed plants) > Angiospermae (flowering
plants) > Eudicotyledons > Core Eudicots > Asterids
> Euasterid I > Order: Lamiales
There are 99 genera and 2061 species (nearly worldwide), with
14 genera and 84 species indigenous to southern Africa. There is an additional
one genus and two species naturalised, and an additional two genera and two species cultivated in
southern Africa. Members of the Orobanchaceae were previously included under the
Scrophulariaceae.
The Orobanchaceae was
created to hold some parasitic genera from the Scrophulariaceae (e.g.
Harveya and Orobanche) but with recent studies on the
Scrophulariaceae and related families, many genera have been transferred from
Scrophulariaceae to the Orobanchaceae (see Angiosperm Phylogeny Website
for summary and details of these recent studies).
Genera indigenous to southern Africa
Information from Smithies (2000) and Smithies and Ready
(2003).
Alectra About 40 species, native to Asia and
Africa, with about 17 species in southern Africa. |
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Bartsia The 49 species, native mainly to
South America, but also in Europe, Asia, North America and Africa. One
species, Bartsia trixago, in southern Africa, possibly
introduced. |
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Buchnera
About 100 species, mainly occurring
in the Old World tropics and subtropics, with about 9 species native to
southern Africa.
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Buttonia Three species, native to tropical
and southern Africa, with 2 of them occurring in southern Africa. |
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Cycnium A total of 15
species, native from East Africa to southern Africa, with 4 species in
southern Africa. |
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Gerardiina One species, Gerardiina
angolensis, native to tropical and southern Africa. |
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Graderia Five species,
native to Africa and Socotra, with 3 species in southern Africa. |
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Harveya About 40 species,
native to Africa and the Mascarene Islands, with about 25 species in
southern Africa. |
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Hiernia One species, Hiernia
angolensis, native to Angola and Namibia. |
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Hyobanche About 7 species,
endemic to southern Africa. |
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Melasma Five species,
native to Africa and America, with 1 species, Melasma scabrum,
native to southern Africa. |
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Rhamphicarpa Six species,
native mainly to Africa, but also India and Australia. Two species are
indigenous to southern Africa. |
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Sopubia About 35-30
species, native to Asia and Africa, with 4 species in southern Africa. |
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Striga About 40 species,
native to Africa, Asia and Australia, with about 7 species in southern
Africa. |
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Genera naturalised in southern Africa
Information from Smithies (2000).
* Orobanche About 150
species, widely distributed. Two species, Orobanche ramosa and Orobanche minor (Lesser
broomrape, Clover broomrape, Klawerbesemraap, Bremraap), are introduced weeds in southern Africa. The
latter species is a declared
Category 1 invasive plant in South Africa. |
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Other genera, cultivated in southern Africa
Castilleja miniata (Scarlet paintbrush)
Indigenous to western USA.
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Pedicularis
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Publications
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Smithies, S.J. 2000. Scrophulariaceae. In: Seed Plants of
Southern Africa (ed. O.A. Leistner). Strelitzia 10: 508-537.
National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
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Smithies, S.J. and Ready, J.A. 2003. Orobanchaceae. In
Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds), Plants of southern Africa: an
annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14: 755-762. National Botanical
Institute, Pretoria.
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