Buteo vulpinus (Steppe buzzard)

Buteo vulpinus (Steppe buzzard)

[= Buteo buteo]

Bruinjakkalsvoël [Afrikaans]; Isangxa [Xhosa]; Siimbi [Kwangali]; Khajoane (also applied to Jackal buzzard) [South Sotho]; Phakwê (generic term for some of the smaller raptors), Segôdi [Tswana]; Buizerd [Dutch]; Buse des steppes [French]; Mäusebussard [German]; Bútio-comum [Portuguese]

Life > Eukaryotes > Opisthokonta > Metazoa (animals) > Bilateria > Deuterostomia > Chordata > Craniata > Vertebrata (vertebrates) > Gnathostomata (jawed vertebrates) > Teleostomi (teleost fish) > Osteichthyes (bony fish) > Class: Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fish) > Stegocephalia (terrestrial vertebrates) > Tetrapoda (four-legged vertebrates) > Reptiliomorpha > Amniota > Reptilia (reptiles) > Romeriida > Diapsida > Archosauromorpha > Archosauria > Dinosauria (dinosaurs) > Saurischia > Theropoda (bipedal predatory dinosaurs) > Coelurosauria > Maniraptora > Aves (birds) > Order: Falconiformes > Family: Accipitridae > Genus: Buteo


Steppe buzzard, between West Coast Fossil Park and Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa. [photo H. Robertson, Iziko ©]	Steppe buzzard, between West Coast Fossil Park and Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa. [photo H. Robertson, Iziko ©]

Distribution and habitat

Breeds from eastern Europe to Siberia, heading south in the non-breeding season to southern Europe and sub-Saharan Africa, from Sudan south to southern Africa. Here it is especially common in South Africa, Zimbabwe and eastern Botswana, otherwise occurring across much of the region, largely excluding the Kalahari and Namib Desert. It generally favours open habitats, such as savanna, grassland and open woodland, often moving into mosaics of croplands.

Distribution of Steppe buzzard in southern Africa, based on statistical smoothing of the records from first SA Bird Atlas Project (© Animal Demography unit, University of Cape Town; smoothing by Birgit Erni and Francesca Little). Colours range from dark blue (most common) through to yellow (least common). See here for the latest distribution from the SABAP2.

Movements and migrations

Palearctic breeding migrant, leaving its breeding grounds in September and early October and heading south to southern Africa, arriving in the south in the period from late October-November. It eventually departs from the region in late February and March.

Food

Its diet in southern Africa is not well-known but it is thought to consist mainly of insects and small mammals. It does most of its foraging from a prominent perch, such as a tree or telephone pole, dropping onto the ground once it spots prey. The following food items have been recorded in its diet in southern Africa:

Vertebrates
- mammals
  - Rhabdomys pumilio (Four-striped grass mouse)
  - other small mammals
- reptiles
  - Agama hispida (Spiny agama)
  - Nucras intertexta (Spotted sandveld lizard)
  - Mabuya (skinks)
- birds
  - Anthus cinnamomeus (African pipit, Grassveld pipit)
  - weavers (Ploceidae)
  - Coturnix coturnix (Common quail)
  - Coturnix delegorguei (Harlequin quail)
  - chicks
    - Streptopelia capicola (Cape Turtle Dove)
    - Hirundo spilodera (South African cliff-swallow)
    - Quelea quelea (Red-billed quelea)
Invertebrates
- Coleoptera (beetles)
- grasshoppers (Orthoptera)
- termites
- caterpillars (larval stage of Lepidoptera)

Threats

Not threatened.

References

Hockey PAR, Dean WRJ and Ryan PG 2005. Roberts - Birds of southern Africa, VIIth ed. The Trustees of the John Voelcker Bird Book Fund, Cape Town.